特定秘密保護法や安保関連法、共謀罪法の制定など「戦争できる国」へ暴走する安倍政権。その他にも、首相の友人を行政施策で優遇したのではないかとされる疑惑をはじめ、法治国家にふさわしいとは思えない出来事が相次いでいる。こうした状況を弁護士で伊藤塾塾長の伊藤真氏は「米国のホロコースト記念博物館に掲示してあるファシズムの初期兆候14項目と似ている」と指摘する。
同博物館に掲げられている14項目は、政治学者のローレンス・ブリット氏が２００３年に書いた文章がベースになっている。ブリット氏はヒトラー（ドイツ）、ムソリーニ（イタリア）、フランコ（スペイン）、ピノチェト（チリ）ら「ファシスト」と呼ばれた指導者の政治を分析し、共通項をまとめた。
この14項目は最近、インターネットなどで紹介され「今の日本とそっくり」と話題になっていた。
伊藤氏は、８月29日に開かれた「森友告発プロジェクト」の市民集会で発言。安倍政権下の政治について「国家のためには国民の犠牲はやむを得ないという国づくりが進み始めている」と述べ、14項目に言及した。特に「身びいきのまん延」が挙げられていることに注意を促し、安倍政権の早期退陣を訴えた。
コメントをお書きください
久場島清皓 (土曜日, 08 6月 2019 21:42)
6月28日全国公開される映画（新聞記者）のキャンペーン試写会及び講演会（望月・前川両氏）を6月7日に妻とその職場同僚4人で聴講しました。その中での前川元文科省事務次官の話の中で耳にしたファシズム初期兆候の14項目の過去のファシズム研究があることを知りました。この14項目を見る限り、「安部政治とそっくり」であることがよくわかります、「新聞記者」の著者である望月氏の話もさすが番記者だなとびっくりでした。8年前に公務員を定年し、1年半まえに重病を患い生死をさまよい、何とか復活しました。以来、妻には感謝です。自分の感じる社会から逃げることなく、これからの子や孫に伝えます。日本社会の民主主義が今、大きく問われています。とりわけ、最近、福島の棄民政策や沖縄の辺野古新基地建設をめぐる数々の言葉の力（県民に寄り添う）、警察機動隊の若い人の土人差別発言等々を見た場合は県民の多くの人はそういう人たちの見識に疑問を強く感じているでしょう。
？ (日曜日, 10 5月 2020 09:22)
まんま韓国やんけ
大学生 (日曜日, 17 5月 2020 14:41)
残念やけど、間違いなく今後日本は暗黒時代に突入するね。安倍、もしくは次の政権の間に。
社会人 (水曜日, 20 5月 2020 07:12)
初期ファシズム、14の兆候についていくつか間違いがあります
まず、米ホロコースト記念博物館に掲示されたことは一度もありません。
ポストカードとして一時販売はしていたようです。
また、著者のローレンス・ブリット氏は政治学者ではありません。アマチュア歴史研究家です。
最後にこの14の兆候の出典はローレンスブリット氏が1998年に書いた"2004年6月"という小説が元です。
弁護士の伊藤真氏もこちらの記事を書いた人も、何も確認せず書いたのでしょうか…。
ありがとう (水曜日, 27 5月 2020 10:36)
4番、社会人さん、冷静かつ正確なご指摘をありがとうございます。
批判する方もされる方も人間ゆえに少なくないバイアスがかかるものですねやはり。
私ごとで恐縮ですが、安倍政権にはとりわけ外交面において一定の評価を持っています。一方で、伊藤塾伊藤真先生の憲法の授業からは原則的な面に関しては多大な恩恵を受けたと思っています。
さて、このファシズムの兆候という意味があるのかないのかわからない箇条書きですが、果たしてこれが安倍政権に象徴的に当てはまると判断をするほどの価値のあるものなのでしょうか？
よく見ると、反論できる記述ばかりだし、安倍政権に拘らず、だいぶん以前の政権から当てはまるものも少なくはないと感じます。
最も矛盾しているのはアメリカ合衆国でしょう。
ガハハ (水曜日, 24 6月 2020 21:47)
突っ込みどころ満載で草w
敵づくり→特亜三国が勝手に敵国認定してるだけ
軍隊優先→周りがキチガイ国家なんだから仕方がない
マスコミ統制→マスゴミなんてバリバリの反安倍勢力
知識層と対する蔑視→日本の知識層なんて右派が殆ど
学問に対する蔑視→ゆとり教育廃止に激怒してる工作員の文句かよ
あ (木曜日, 25 6月 2020 17:36)
選挙の違法献金が発覚して全部揃いましたね。
イ (火曜日, 27 10月 2020 06:58)
たしかに今の日本と重なるところもありますが、ブリット氏はアマチュアの歴史家を自称しており、政治学者ではありませんよ
こんなことだからリベラルの信頼が失われて自民党の横暴を許す結果になったとなぜ気づかないんですか
原典の紹介 (日曜日, 26 9月 2021 10:51)
The 14 Characteristics of Fascism
by Lawrence Britt
Spring 2003
Free Inquiry magazine
Political scientist Dr. Lawrence Britt recently wrote an article about fascism ("Fascism Anyone?," Free Inquiry, Spring 2003, page 20). Studying the fascist regimes of Hitler (Germany), Mussolini (Italy), Franco (Spain), Suharto (Indonesia), and Pinochet (Chile), Dr. Britt found they all had 14 elements in common. He calls these the identifying characteristics of fascism. The excerpt is in accordance with the magazine's policy.
The 14 characteristics are:
Powerful and Continuing Nationalism
Fascist regimes tend to make constant use of patriotic mottos, slogans, symbols, songs, and other paraphernalia. Flags are seen everywhere, as are flag symbols on clothing and in public displays.
Disdain for the Recognition of Human Rights
Because of fear of enemies and the need for security, the people in fascist regimes are persuaded that human rights can be ignored in certain cases because of "need." The people tend to look the other way or even approve of torture, summary executions, assassinations, long incarcerations of prisoners, etc.
Identification of Enemies/Scapegoats as a Unifying Cause
The people are rallied into a unifying patriotic frenzy over the need to eliminate a perceived common threat or foe: racial , ethnic or religious minorities; liberals; communists; socialists, terrorists, etc.
Supremacy of the Military
Even when there are widespread domestic problems, the military is given a disproportionate amount of government funding, and the domestic agenda is neglected. Soldiers and military service are glamorized.
Rampant Sexism
The governments of fascist nations tend to be almost exclusively male-dominated. Under fascist regimes, traditional gender roles are made more rigid. Opposition to abortion is high, as is homophobia and anti-gay legislation and national policy.
Controlled Mass Media
Sometimes to media is directly controlled by the government, but in other cases, the media is indirectly controlled by government regulation, or sympathetic media spokespeople and executives. Censorship, especially in war time, is very common.
Obsession with National Security
Fear is used as a motivational tool by the government over the masses.
Religion and Government are Intertwined
Governments in fascist nations tend to use the most common religion in the nation as a tool to manipulate public opinion. Religious rhetoric and terminology is common from government leaders, even when the major tenets of the religion are diametrically opposed to the government's policies or actions.
Corporate Power is Protected
The industrial and business aristocracy of a fascist nation often are the ones who put the government leaders into power, creating a mutually beneficial business/government relationship and power elite.
Labor Power is Suppressed
Because the organizing power of labor is the only real threat to a fascist government, labor unions are either eliminated entirely, or are severely suppressed .
Disdain for Intellectuals and the Arts
Fascist nations tend to promote and tolerate open hostility to higher education, and academia. It is not uncommon for professors and other academics to be censored or even arrested. Free expression in the arts is openly attacked, and governments often refuse to fund the arts.
Obsession with Crime and Punishment
Under fascist regimes, the police are given almost limitless power to enforce laws. The people are often willing to overlook police abuses and even forego civil liberties in the name of patriotism. There is often a national police force with virtually unlimited power in fascist nations.
Rampant Cronyism and Corruption
Fascist regimes almost always are governed by groups of friends and associates who appoint each other to government positions and use governmental power and authority to protect their friends from accountability. It is not uncommon in fascist regimes for national resources and even treasures to be appropriated or even outright stolen by government leaders.
Fraudulent Elections
Sometimes elections in fascist nations are a complete sham. Other times elections are manipulated by smear campaigns against or even assassination of opposition candidates, use of legislation to control voting numbers or political district boundaries, and manipulation of the media. Fascist nations also typically use their judiciaries to manipulate or control elections.
Copyright © 2003 Free Inquiry magazine
Reprinted for Fair Use Only.
おまけ (日曜日, 26 9月 2021 11:08)
In His Own Words
It turns out that in 2004, Laurence Britt gave an interview to his local newspaper about his essay. In it, he discusses how several of the characteristics from his list applied to the United States at the time of the interview during the George W. Bush administration. Britt goes over each of the points in detail and whether or not he saw parallels in the US at the time. At the end of the interview, Britt concludes that the US is not a fascist state, but at the time there are warning signs and disturbing trends.
So, What is Fascism?
It’s fair to say that literally nobody knows. Descriptions and criticisms of fascism have existed since immediately after its birth in 1919. Hundreds, if not thousands, of books and papers about fascism have been written over the years, and there are still scholars involved in comparative fascist studies. Our understanding of what fascism is continues to evolve over time. In his book “Fascism,” Robert Griffin discusses the history of the understanding fascism as an ideology. He describes numerous attempts to describe fascism, including the Marxist theory that understands fascism as the ruling class’s response to an impending revolution by the workers, and the liberal academic method of creating lists of features similar to Britt’s and Eco’s. Griffin advocates for a method of understanding fascism empathetically by turning to contemporary writings of the fascists themselves to understand what they believed fascism to be. Based on that empathetic approach, the definition that Griffin determines that: Fascism is a genus of political ideology whose mythic core in its various permutations is a palingenetic [relating to rebirth] form of populist ultra-nationalism. That’s certainly a mouthful, but his perspective is that a definition is better than a list of characteristics.
Is the Current Administration Fascist?
The short answer is “no.” The motto “Make American Great Again” does invoke a sense of a mythic American past and call for rebirth. However, Robert Griffin says that it doesn’t rise to the level of calling for an overthrow of democratic systems required of fascism. But does it matter? Whether we describe the current administration as “fascist,” “right-wing populist,” “white nationalist,” or some other term is irrelevant. What is relevant is that innocent people are suffering, and in some cases dying, as a result of the current administration’s policies.
Succinctly describing the current administration might not be a possibility until we have the benefit of hindsight. In the meantime, it’s the duty of all Americans to remain vigilant, and to continue to fight for democracy.
おまちゃん (日曜日, 10 12月 2023 11:52)
全く日本国現在の状況と同一